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how to author a roleplay

How to Use the SCORP Authoring Guide

For Educators: A Step-by-Step Walkthrough

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Before You Start

What You'll Need

- 30-60 minutes of preparation time - A text editor (Word, Google Docs, or even Notepad—no coding required) - Optional: images or documents you want to include - Optional: the SCORP authoring template file

What You Don't Need

- Programming knowledge - Technical background - Experience with SCORP (we'll guide you through it)

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The Writing Process: 5 Steps

STEP 1: Write Your Basic Information (5 minutes)

This is like writing the cover of your syllabus. Answer these simple questions:

1. What are you calling this?

``` roleplayName: Peace Negotiation Summit ``` Make it clear and descriptive.

2. Who made it?

``` roleplayCreatingOrg: International Relations Department ``` This gives you credit.

3. What's the one-liner?

``` roleplayBlurb: In this simulation, diplomats from three fictional countries negotiate a trade agreement while managing domestic political pressures. ``` Think of it like a Netflix description—short enough to read in 5 seconds.

That's it for Step 1. Leave the other fields with defaults for now.

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STEP 2: Describe What Students Will Learn (10 minutes)

Put yourself in a student's shoes: "What will I understand or be able to do after this roleplay that I couldn't before?"

Write 2-3 learning goals:

``` learningObjectives: - Students will understand how trade negotiations balance national interests with global commerce - Students will experience the challenge of representing a constituency with competing pressures - Students will practice diplomatic communication under time constraints ```

Who should take this?

``` expectedAudience: - Upper-level undergraduate students - Prior knowledge of international trade policy helpful but not required ```

Tell them what to expect:

``` introduction: - This is a realistic simulation of international trade negotiations. - You will represent one country's interests. - You have 90 minutes to reach an agreement or declare negotiations failed. - Pay attention to both the official goals and the political pressures. ```

End with reflection questions:

``` debriefQuestions: - What was the biggest challenge you faced as a negotiator? - How did you decide which issues to compromise on? - What surprised you about the other countries' perspectives? - What would you do differently if you ran this negotiation again? ```

Why this matters: These become the pages students see before and after the roleplay. Good ones help students get the most from the experience.

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STEP 3: Define Your Timeline—Phases (10 minutes)

Think of a phase as a "chapter" in your simulation. Most roleplays have 2-4 phases.

Example timeline for trade negotiations:

Phase 1: Opening Statements

What happens:

- Each country gets 10 minutes to present its opening position - The facilitator summarizes the key interests - This sets the tone for the rest of the negotiation

Phase 2: Bilateral Negotiations

What happens:

- Countries pair off for direct negotiations - You have 30 minutes to find areas of agreement - Be willing to discuss strategic compromises

Phase 3: Final Agreement

What happens:

- All countries meet together to finalize the agreement - You need everyone's approval to succeed - If you can't reach an agreement, the deal falls apart

Tips:

- 2-3 minutes per phase is realistic - Each phase should have a clear purpose - Make descriptions concrete (time limits, activities)

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STEP 4: Create Your Characters (15 minutes)

This is the heart of your roleplay. Each character should have a public face and secret pressures.

Example: Prime Minister of Eastland

```

Actor A1

actorName: Prime Minister of Eastland actorPublicDescription: - You lead Eastland, an agricultural economy that exports grains and dairy. - You're concerned about protecting farm jobs and prices. actorSemiPublicDescription: - Eastland's official position: We want 25% tariff protection on agricultural goods. - We're willing to discuss technology transfer in exchange. actorPrivateDescription: - Your country is in debt and NEEDS to increase exports by 20% this year. - If you fail, opposition parties will push you out of office. - You've been given secret authorization to go as low as 15% tariff if necessary. - You're most afraid of mass agricultural unemployment and rural collapse. ```

Key insight: The private description is what makes it real. That's the pressure cooker that creates interesting decisions. How many characters?

- Minimum: 3 student roles + 1 facilitator = 4 total - Typical: 4-6 student roles + 1-2 facilitators = 5-8 total - Usually one per student, but you can clone roles

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STEP 5: Map Out What Students Do—Activities (20 minutes)

For each phase, decide what activities students participate in. Use the checklist below.

Phase 1 activities might be:

- Read background on their character (ShowDocument) - See all the other characters (Cast) - Read the rules and schedule (Introduction, Schedule) - Make an opening statement in chat (Chat)

Phase 2 activities might be:

- Negotiation chat with one other actor (Chat) - Maybe a decision: "How much will you offer?" (Decision)

Phase 3 activities might be:

- Final negotiation chat (Chat) - Answer debrief questions (DebriefQuestions)

Don't worry about the technical template format yet—we'll handle that part for you. For now, just plan what activities each phase should have. The Activity Options:

For each phase, you can include: - Introduction - Show the learning goals and what's about to happen - Schedule - Display the timeline and phase lengths - Cast - Let students see who else is involved - Background Info - Give each character their role description and context - Chat - Allow students to discuss and negotiate with others - Make a Decision - Have students choose between options - Reflection - Ask debrief questions at the end to help students process what they learned

Start simple. You don't need every option in every phase. Pick 2-3 activities per phase and you'll have a solid roleplay.

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Common Scenarios: Copy and Paste These

Scenario 1: "Classroom Debate"

What students do:

- Phase 1: Read background, see cast - Phase 2: Debate in chat - Phase 3: Vote and debrief

Activities:

``` Introduction → ShowDocument → Cast → Chat → Decision → DebriefQuestions ```

Scenario 2: "Small Group Negotiation"

What students do:

- Phase 1: Get their character info - Phase 2: Pair off and negotiate privately - Phase 3: Group negotiation and agreement - Phase 4: Debrief

Activities:

``` Introduction → ShowDocument → PrivateChat → Chat → DebriefQuestions ```

Scenario 3: "Multi-Round Game"

What students do:

- Each phase is one round - Round 1-3: Make decision → see results → get injected event - Final: Debrief reflection

Activities:

``` (per round) Decision → Inject → Announcement → (repeat) → DebriefQuestions ```

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Writing Tips

For Character Descriptions

Public description = What everyone knows

``` ✗ "She's smart" ✓ "She's the Minister of Trade with 20 years of negotiation experience" ```

Private description = The conflict

``` ✗ "She wants to succeed" ✓ "She wants to succeed, but her government is threatening to replace her if she makes any concessions. She's desperate but trying not to show it." ```

For Phase Descriptions

Bad: "Negotiation phase" Good: "You have 30 minutes to negotiate directly with one other country. Find one area where you can reach agreement." Bad: "Wrapping up" Good: "Final 15 minutes. Try to lock in the agreements you've made and address any remaining sticking points."

For Learning Objectives

Bad: "Students will learn about trade" Good: "Students will understand how trade-offs between national interest and global cooperation shape policy"

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When You're Ready to Submit

Before you send it in, check:

- [ ] I've written learning objectives (what should students understand?) - [ ] I have 2-4 phases with clear descriptions - [ ] I've created at least 3 student roles with good private descriptions - [ ] I've planned activities for each phase - [ ] I've included debrief questions for reflection

To submit:

1. Save your roleplay as a text or Word document 2. Attach any images, documents, or background materials 3. Email to: [email@scsw.org] 4. Include your name, institution, and expected class size

What happens next:

- We review it (1-2 days) - We discuss any questions or refinements - We convert it to our system - You test it with a small group (1-2 sessions) - We make final tweaks based on how it runs - It's ready for your full class!

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What Happens Next

1. We review your roleplay (24-48 hours) 2. We convert it to the technical format (2-3 days) 3. You test it with a small group (1 week) 4. We refine it based on feedback (1-2 days) 5. It's live! You can use it with your full class

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Example: A Complete Mini-Roleplay

Here's a tiny complete example to show you what the finished template looks like:

```yaml roleplayName: Classroom Budget Committee roleplayVersion: 0.0.1 roleplayCreatingOrg: Community College roleplayBlurb: You serve on your college's budget committee and must allocate limited funds among competing departments.

learningObjectives: - Understand budget trade-offs - Practice prioritization under constraints - See diverse stakeholder perspectives

expectedAudience: - Any students interested in governance and finance

introduction: - You're serving on a committee that decides how to allocate $5M in budget cuts. - Each person represents a different department. - You have 45 minutes to decide.

phases: - phaseName: Opening Statements - phaseName: Negotiation - phaseName: Final Vote

actors: - actorName: Biology Department Chair actorPrivateDescription: Biology is only $2M, but you need another $500K to keep the lab open. If you don't get it, you'll lose 3 faculty members.

- actorName: Business School Director actorPrivateDescription: Business brings in more tuition than any other program. You'll argue to protect enrollment.

- actorName: Library Director actorPrivateDescription: The library serves everyone. You'll argue for cutting specific services instead of deep departmental cuts.

- actorName: Provost (Facilitator) actorPublicDescription: Your job is to keep the discussion fair and move toward a decision.

activities: - Phase 1: Introduction → ShowDocument (here's the budget) - Phase 2: Chat (negotiate) - Phase 3: Decision (vote) → DebriefQuestions ```

That's it. Simple, but effective.

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Troubleshooting

Q: Do I need to write everything in this template?

A: No. Sections marked "Optional" can be skipped. At minimum: metadata, learning goals, phases, actors, and activities.

Q: How long should character descriptions be?

A: 2-3 sentences each. Students will read these in 1-2 minutes.

Q: How many actors should I create?

A: One per student, typically. If your class has 20 students and you want groups of 4, create 5 actors and have them clone to 4 students each.

Q: What if I want to change something after students start?

A: Tell your facilitator immediately. Small tweaks (like adding an Inject message) can be done on the fly. Major changes should wait for the next run.

Q: Is there a time limit to complete the template?

A: Spend as much time as you want, but you don't need to be perfect. 60 minutes of thinking + 30 minutes of writing is typical. You'll refine after testing.

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Need Help?

Getting Started:

- We have example roleplay templates available - Our team can answer questions about your design

After You're Done:

- Contact us when you're ready to submit - We'll review your roleplay and help refine it - We handle converting your written guide into the technical format - You'll test it with a small group first before it goes live

Questions?

- Email us at: [email@scsw.org] - We're happy to help with design questions before you submit

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Good luck! We can't wait to see what you create.

SCORP Team Seachange Simulations Project August 2026